اخبار سوريا اليوم – وطن نيوز
سوريا اليوم – اخبار سوريا عاجل
W6nnews.com ==== وطن === تاريخ النشر – 2018-09-20 01:29:00
The Syrian writer and novelist, from the ancient Damascus neighborhood of Al-Qanawat, who received his education in Egypt and was not affected by the Baathist coup in 1963. Until the end of his stay there, he was one of those demanding freedom and justice, and for the military to stay away from rule, which he saw only as an extension of the Mamluk rulers. The writer has many novels and television series, more than one book on critical studies, and a book on political essays entitled “Training in Terror,” and his novel “The Secret Library” has been translated. “The General” has recently been translated into French, and some of his other works are being translated. *Historically, Syria has not been able to form a state…! In times of complex conflicts, there is a great need to analyze and extrapolate reality carefully, in an attempt to understand what is happening to dismantle the phenomenon and know its causes in order to anticipate its results. In this way, some of the disasters that accompany any conflict or revolution can be avoided. But what happens is that the sound analytical approach must be based on fairly stable facts that are pillars or backgrounds that can be measured against. Thus, when reality is the variable to be understood, history is the constant against which we measure it. “The relationship between the tyrant and history is very confusing.” By projecting onto similar historical events, we can sometimes understand the movement of reality, how the historian measures matters, in trying to understand them that have eluded political analysts, and how reality gives a map that makes it easier to understand. To know where the path will take him, we are talking about Syria, and to know the historical scale here, Al-Dhahabi does a quick read and finds similar previous cases, and measures what it has become: “Syria has not been able throughout its entire history to create a state, and it has been afflicted by its own geography, which is similar in this characteristic only to the Balkans, which was not able to form a state except in the time of “General Tito”, but as soon as he died, the Balkans exploded into mini-states searching for what brings them together, and perhaps no two nations are alike in the calamities that It suffered from it, just like Greater Syria and the Balkans. What is strange is that these two regions did not rest until after “Anatolia” took control of the Balkans during the time of the Byzantines and the time of the Ottomans, who inherited from the Byzantines all the geography, all the internal strife, all the tendencies to create states independent of “Anatolia,” and all the failures that resulted from the separations from Ottoman Anatolia. Desiring to separate from the rest of the Syrian geography.” What is strange is that Syria is distinguished from the rest of the world in forgetting the names of its geographical differences, between the mountains calling for separation, the plains isolated from the rest of the geography, and the valleys separating the Syrian regions. “There is no place in the world that ignores the geographical names of the mountains and replaces them with sectarian or sectarian names, except Syria. There are the Alawite mountains, and few Syrians know what the name of the Alawite mountains was before the Alawites inhabited them.. And there is the modern Druze Mountain, given that name, as it was named after it Mount Houran before the Druze migrated to it, but rarely do people call As-Suwayda Governorate other than Mount the Druze, and there is Mount the Kurds, Mount Turkmen, Wadi al-Nasara…etc. This funny joke that reflects the desire to be distinguished by the sectarian identity that distinguishes the population from the neighboring population is what kept it away from forming a unified state, and brought it closer to the separate regions. “The Syrian media has always had poor performance and cannot be compared to the Egyptian media before the state’s intervention. “And in the two unitary experiments in which the regions of the Levant decided to form a state, they were quickly punished harshly for daring to do so in the state of Palmyra during the days of Queen Zenobia, and the Nabataean state, which Rome intervened with its full weight until it erased them from geopolitics, and returned them to inactivity outside of the intra-regional trade in which they excelled!” And please do not remember the Umayyad state, as it was a state coming from the Arabian Peninsula that traveled to the Levant, perhaps because the Quraishis were from it. Of Levantine origin, time and the Romans expelled them to Mecca, where they established the major commercial station that was in need of a state before the Muhammadan migration from it to Yathrib… In any case, it did not live long before the Iraqi-Iranian geography attacked it and destroyed it, and Syria became indebted to this day with the blood of Ali and Hussein, and what is it in blood, but it is the excuse for taking revenge on the regions that are not qualified to establish a state, so it established an empire?…! And the Iraqis and Persians did not forget that this geography had tried to leap beyond its destiny. It created an empire that had no place in a region that included the Anatolian Plateau, the Persian Plateau, and the great unified Nile. It was nothing but a state of mountains, deserts, and intersecting valleys, warring among themselves, and still is! The above was talk about geography and its effects on politics, which generated tyrants who were tribal sheikhs who only aspired to expand their oasis, becoming a state that strengthens their position among the kings and princes surrounding them. The strange thing is that contemporary Syria and Iraq have tried to create an Arab empire as Muawiyah did, but since there is no new religion under its shadow that they can present to the people, they invented a new religion, “Baath,” and spread it among the Syrians and Iraqis, trying in vain to spread it in other Arab countries to no avail. This religion, “Baath,” is a religion that needs a military victory, which they never achieved, and the belief of the defeated people that this religion is true, so here it is, triumphing over those who refuse to believe in it! The Syrian and Iraqi Baathists imitated the previous Arab religions, but they were lagging behind the movement of the era in not declaring the justice of industrial and agricultural production and the justice of benefiting from technical achievements that can be sold to other peoples, thereby enriching the people. This state can establish justice among the people and listen to the dreams of those in charge of it, but those in charge did not find a way to convince the people except “revolutionary” violence, as they called it, which is the cheapest, so they, who control all the media, turned their military defeats into defeats. Intellectualism transformed the “Baathist” doctrine into opportunists and opportunists who surrounded the Sultan and were able to justify his crimes even if they were “Timurid” (the lame Timur or the limp), killing the people and destroying the buildings therein to the point of destruction, as happened in Iraq and Syria. Then they dare to declare their legitimacy, which is the legitimacy of the victor, similar to the legitimacy of the pagan Hulagu, or the Muslim Timur!! This thorny relationship between the sultan and the historian continued until modern printing technology was “the master of the art of the possible in his era. Politics, as many express it, is the art of the possible, and we often see politicians whose skill lies in their understanding of history, so reading history has a great impact on their political realism. On the contrary, there were also many incidents in which politicians changed their approaches for fear of repeating historical incidents, and thus there are those who harmed their country, and those who infected their fear. Is the repetition of historical incidents inevitable if the circumstances are similar? Examples of its golden stem from today as well as from yesterday: “According to the history books that have reached us, most of the rulers who ruled Syria since the Islamic conquest were conquerors through oppression, weapons, and siege to the point of death, with the exception of two who passed through Syria and used the art of the possible to lead the people: They are Muawiyah bin Abi Sufyan, the author of the famous saying, and I do not think it is falsely attributed to him: By God, if there was a hair between me and the people, “the people,” it would not be cut off. If they tightened it, it would be loosened. If they loosened it, I stressed!! This statement was not directed only to the ruled, but to the neighboring rulers, both Romans and Asians!! As for the other ruler, “Muin al-Din Anar,” the ruler of the region of Damascus and Homs for a period. If this man felt the Frankish threat harassing him, and about to take Damascus from him, he would court Imad al-Din Zengi and tempt him to cede Damascus to him. The Franks feared and retreated from attacking Damascus, so it remained in the hands of the peaceful “Muin al-Din.” “Enr” is better than turning it into the rule of Imad al-Din, the Mujahid who was sworn to save the Levant from their hands. He had saved Urfa from their hands years ago and they were unable to recover it. If this Mu’in al-Din was besieged by Imad al-Din, he intended to communicate with the Franks, coveting them with Damascus. Imad al-Din feared the loss of Damascus and withdrew from its siege. Thus, Mu’in al-Din was the master of the art of the possible in his era and the master of continuing rule, as he ruled Damascus for twenty years, which he spent in the palace plotting appropriate solutions. For remaining in power without destroying his city and killing its inhabitants!” Very, and we must go back a little: “The relationship between the tyrant and history is very confusing. Many times the tyrant would force the historian to write his biography and re-read and rewrite it if the tyrant did not like it, as in the relationship between King al-Zahir Baybars, the murderer of two of his masters, “Turan Shah, the last of the Ayyubid sultans, and Sultan Qutuz, the first of the Mamluk sultans,” when he killed him with his generous hand after the Battle of Ain Jalut and took over in his place to enter history as Sultan King. Al-Zahir Baibars, who is the king who confiscates all the properties in the state subject to him, above ground and below the ground, and is in charge of customs, excise, taxes, etc., and assigns educated historians from his contemporaries to write an innovative history for him. To this day, people still believe, through the biography of King Al-Zahir, of Baibars’ superiority over the jinn and mankind, and he is the one who liberated the lands of Islam from enemies, etc. Among them is a historian who decided to be faithful to his faith and his pen, so he wrote “The Ethics of the Two Ministers” (Ibn The Brigadier General and Ibn Abbad) became hungry until he was forced to eat the grass of the ground due to the severity of the siege imposed on him by the two ministers! This thorny relationship between the Sultan and the historian continued until modern printing technology came along, freeing the historian and transferring his means of livelihood to the hands of readers. Whatever agreed with the mood of the ruler, his glorification and deification, etc. “We do not live isolated from the world as was the case in the distant past, and what we hide today is announced by the opponent.” There is a stark example suitable for answering this question, which is the book “The Ethics of the Two Ministers” by the great writer “Al-Tawhidi”, which the two tyrant ministers, Al-Sahib bin Abbad and Ibn Al-Amid, fought against. One of the means of their war was that their supporters spread among the people the rumor that whoever reads this book will suffer a great calamity, the greatest of which is not the burning of his entire library, or death. suddenly dear to him, or the shipwreck of his trade ship if he was a merchant, etc. And the book disappeared from circulation. Indeed, there are those who say that the disaster that befell Al-Tawhidi at the end of his life, and the poverty that forced him to eat road weeds, which made him, in the bitterness of his hatred for humans, burn his entire library, saying: A time in which a writer of his importance was forced to eat road weeds is a time when his children do not deserve to read such books, but our luck was that the books he burned were It was copied in large numbers by copyists and curators, so it was saved except for the book “The Ethics of the Two Ministers,” which disappeared from the markets and from private and public libraries until people believed that the saying of the two ministers was true. The book disappeared from sight for more than a thousand years, and then the good fortune of culture was that a researcher in the twentieth century found the manuscript in an Ottoman library, copied it, verified it, and reprinted it, and the book “The Ethics of the Two Ministers” escaped extinction and came back to life in spite of the two ministers!”* The media of the revolution is not Better than the regime’s media. Perhaps the Syrian opposition media is considered negligent in terms of reading, analyzing, and addressing historical angles that are unknown, or that have been distorted by the regime’s media over the course of forty years. How can the media serve history? And his ideas and analysis, but this is very difficult for the writer who makes a living from a press controlled by a censor who is the owner of the safe from which the opposition journalist eats, and most of the time he does not know the priorities of the press and the necessity of its freedom to extract the best of the writer’s abilities and analysis. We, for several years of the revolution, were not able to provide better journalism than the official press, and perhaps this was the result of the official press’s habit of preferring the son of the regime for fifty years over the neutral or oppositionist with a free opinion, which was reflected in the press that called itself It was not an alternative and was not an alternative from a professional standpoint, and this was the fate of the opposition press, which always preferred the writer who started from the ideas of the newspaper’s funder over the one who disagreed with the funder!” Al-Dhahabi added, “The problem is that we do not live isolated from the world as was the case in the distant past, and what we hide today is announced by the opponent or the resident on the other side of the Mediterranean today, or when his interest is in announcing what we hide, and it is shameful for those searching for our political changes to seek to read Western newspapers, where there is no declared censorship to know our news. And our political developments! The Syrian media was always underperforming and cannot be compared to the Egyptian media before the intervention of the revolutionary state, in the opinion of the press. The weakness of the Syrian press was increased by the Baath Party and those behind it dissolving the Syrian newspapers, those who had sympathized with the party and those loyal to it, shortly after the Baathist coup took control of all Syrian capabilities. The loss of the newspaper Al-Mudah and Al-Mabki was a major loss for the free media, the voice of the people, not the voice of the secret services in the Baath state. This was followed decades later by the suspension of Al-Domari newspaper, which had tried to revive the funny. The sad thing is that Sputnik media and the press are controlled by state illiterates. In the 1980s, I was working in Moscow, and although I did not know Russian, I went down to the newspapers in the hotel and downloaded everything I saw from the “communist” newspapers, of course, and tried to find out the news from them. I was surprised by the poor production in all the newspapers whose work was supervised by the government or the local Communist Party, except for the French newspaper, “L’Humanité,” and I learned that “L’Humanité” had been forced to do so. To maintain its place in French readings, attention must be paid to the form, direction, and improvement of news writing, while the newspaper of the ruling party in revolutionary Aden was very similar to the Al-Baath newspaper in its production and news writing. “Listening to the words of historians, and poring between the lines of what they write, defines the astonishment that befalls the reader, when the writer sails with him in a distant political geography, in order to bring him to the port of the present in the end. Whoever does not see his day through the eyes of yesterday, the events of now and the future are difficult for him, and everything becomes impossible.” It is new for him, so confusion continues in understanding and determining what is and what will be, and perhaps there is nothing completely new in the discourse taking place today, for today’s present is tomorrow’s history, and on it the observers rely. He who has no history has no basis for his judgments other than nothingness.
