These days, the world’s eyes are turning to the United States of America, and the ongoing race for the presidency makes the winner the master of the White House.

As usual, a handful of states will play a decisive role in the race between the Republican Party, which has the color red as its slogan, and the Democrats, who have chosen blue.

So what are the purple states that will decide the race?
In the 2020 elections, former US President Donald Trump’s steps were deliberate, when he sought to overturn the results in Michigan, Georgia, Arizona, Pennsylvania, Wisconsin, and Nevada, which decided the victory of his rival, President Joe Biden.

If things end in something resembling a runoff between the Biden and Trump candidates, as the picture currently appears, attention will once again focus on these “purple states,” given the relatively narrow differences between Republicans and Democrats, especially in some very important areas that often fluctuate between Be a red republic or a blue democracy.

However, another electoral danger is looming, as the current president could face independent candidates from the so-called “third party”, such as Robert F. Kennedy Jr., the Green Party candidate Jill Stein, and the progressive university researcher Cornel West, or others from outside the two parties with the support of the organization “ “No Labels” centrist that could draw votes from Biden.

It must also be pointed out a group of surprises that usually occur during American elections. During the year 2000, the result favored President George Bush after a close race with Al Gore in Florida.

Likewise, former President Barack Obama arrived at the White House on a blue wave in 2008, but the purple states, which are also described as “swinging,” did not complete their favor with the Democrats, but rather failed presidential candidate Hillary Clinton in 2016 and suddenly turned red in favor of Trump.

Who will the purple swing states vote for in the upcoming US presidential elections?
In 2020, when it became clear to him that he would lose the elections, President Trump and his supporters began working to overturn the result, focusing on the six crucial states, where he planted conspiracy theories about fraud. He and his aides distorted the reputation of election officials, threatened them, and encouraged local officials to ignore their legal obligations. He sent fake electoral votes to Congress, and tried in vain to disrupt the process of certifying Biden’s victory in Congress.

When federal officials in these states verified the results and confirmed them in 2020, it turned out that the narrow margins allowed for a lot of back and forth in Michigan and Wisconsin.

It is not unlikely that some or all of these tactics will be repeated in the 2024 elections, with states considered battlegrounds being targeted.

Michigan State
There is no doubt that Michigan has made the best effort among the six states to confront “fake voters,” as it has achieved the most progress in strengthening its electoral systems.

A wave of displacement in Pennsylvania, swinging between the Democratic and Republican parties
In turn, voters in the state recognized the amendment to the constitution to explicitly prevent any legislative or political interference in the elections.

The state constitution now makes it clear that certifying election results is a duty, and not a discretionary matter at all.

Also, the state legislature gave officials more flexibility to open, verify, and scan mail-in ballots and absentee ballots before Election Day, in what is known as “pre-processing,” noting that restrictions on pre-processing in 2020 led to a “red mirage” because The early vote count first favored Trump, then the advantage shifted toward Biden with the influx of mail-in ballots and absentee ballots.

As a result, the “red mirage” became the subject of talk about conspiracies that fueled distrust of absentee ballots and exposed polling station workers to attack.

The Great Lakes State has 16 votes in the Electoral College, which consists of 538 electors.

The 16 votes could also be extracted again in 2024.

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It is noteworthy that Kent County in Michigan was once a Republican stronghold in a major swing state standing on the blue edge, but it has now become an area of ​​movement between the two major parties.

It is noteworthy that Kent County in Michigan was once a Republican stronghold in a major swing state standing on the blue edge, but it has now become an area of ​​movement between the two major parties.

Trump defeated Hillary Clinton by three points in the district in 2016, but lost the district and the state to Biden by a margin of 2.8% in 2020.

State of Georgia
During the 2020 elections, Biden defeated Trump in Georgia by less than 12,000 votes out of 4.5 million voters in the state, becoming the first Democrat to win there and obtain the 16 votes that they represent in the Electoral College, since former President Bill Clinton in 1992.

However, Trump’s attempts to overturn the election results sparked lawsuits whose repercussions have not ended to this day.

Fulton County’s major indictment against the former president and his cronies makes clear that Georgia was at the heart of efforts to subvert the 2020 election.

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The trial is expected to be an important step towards holding those who tried to “sabotage the elections” accountable for their actions, but it also highlights the continuing weaknesses in the state’s election management system, according to Asharq Al-Awsat newspaper.

In 2020, Trump sympathizers allowed his former defense attorney, Sidney Powell, to hire a forensics firm to illegally copy sensitive election software, making it difficult to trace collusion efforts between election officials and conspiracy theorists. To prevent this from happening again in 2024, Georgia officials must implement best practices to prevent, detect, and confirm sensory abuse.

The indictment also highlights the threats of violence that accompanied the attacks by Trump and his defense agent, Rudy Giuliani, against the Fulton County elections employee, Ruby Freeman, and the pressure campaign from Trump against Secretary of State Brad Raffensperger, all the way to the threats against election officials and election workers in Georgia. And all over the country since 2020.

Arizona State
Arizona was a center for denial of the election results and efforts to subvert the democratic process in the 2020 general election and the 2022 congressional midterm elections.

Some Republican Party leaders there volunteered to serve as “fake electors,” and state lawmakers attempted to hijack the certification process with the goal of handing Arizona to Trump instead of Biden.

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Also in 2022, armed men guarded the ballot boxes in Maricopa County, which includes the Arizona capital, Phoenix, knowing that the results there could swing the results in the traditionally Republican state in favor of the Democrats.

This is evidenced by the fact that in Trump’s first presidential campaign in 2016, he received 48% compared to 45% in 2020, only to lose the state due to Maricopa County, which gave the largest percentage to Biden, with a difference of less than one point over Trump.

Thus, Biden outperformed Trump by less than 11,000 votes from about 3.3 million voters, becoming the first Democrat to win the state and its 11 electoral votes since former President Bill Clinton in 1996.

However, Trump did not remain silent, but rather tried to recover from the loss. His supporters urged local officials to abandon voting machines in favor of manual counting, but the state governor vetoed a draft law allowing manual counting.

Pennsylvania state
Pennsylvania, where Biden beat Trump by 1.2 percentage points, has seen a number of sabotage efforts in recent years.

The operations included fake voters, legislative interference schemes during 2020, denial of certificates during 2022, and various lawsuits trying to invalidate entire tranches of absentee ballots.

A wave of displacement in Pennsylvania, swinging between the Democratic and Republican parties
This came after Erie County in the state swung back and forth in favor of Democrats and Republicans in the recent elections, making it very difficult to predict the mood of voters in 2024.

Four years after former President Barack Obama won the county by a large margin, Trump won the state in 2016, then the county turned against him in 2020, giving Biden 50% of its votes, compared to 49% for Trump.

Pennsylvania, which has 19 electoral college votes, is one of the few closely contested states that prohibits clerks from pre-processing absentee ballots before Election Day.

Therefore, this legal obstacle often leads to a “red mirage,” which in turn leads to election denial.

Pro-democracy lawmakers have repeatedly tried to reform the law, including this year, but their Republican colleagues refused to vote on it.

Without legislative reform, debate over absentee ballot counting, including addressing flaws, is expected to continue.

Ignoring votes if they arrive after Election Day, or for purely bureaucratic reasons, will also lead to the emergence of another “red mirage.”

Wisconsin
Wisconsin, where Trump lost by about 20,000 votes, stands out as the state where his campaign came closest to overturning the results in court, as state Supreme Court justices needed one additional vote to overturn the results.

The Trump campaign then filed a slew of lawsuits seeking to invalidate tens of thousands of Democratic-leaning votes, based on challenges with using a specific form for in-person early voting, allowing clerks to fill in missing address information on absentee ballot envelopes, and more, but four of the seven judges ruled that The state Supreme Court rejected those legal challenges.

As in Michigan and Pennsylvania, bans on pre-processing risk creating a “red mirage” of Republican victory that disappears when mail-in ballots are opened.

The Legislature also declined to implement reforms to ensure that absentee ballots containing missing information or minor errors, or those received immediately after Election Day, are counted.

Nevada
A passionate election denial movement emerged strongly during the 2020 elections in Nevada, where armed vigilante groups gathered outside the vote-counting center in Democratic-leaning Clark County.

While Republicans also filed an unsuccessful lawsuit to stop the counting of absentee ballots.

Election deniers also claimed that mass fraud occurred at the state level, which Trump captured in 2016, and which Biden won in 2020 by 2.4 percentage points, making this the smallest margin of victory for any Democratic presidential candidate in the state since the party last lost it in 2004.

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The Trump campaign then tried to obtain a court order allowing it to access the voting machine software, but the court only granted access to records documenting the testing conducted on the equipment.

Although the 2022 midterm elections did not generate the same level of discord, local election-denying officials, most of whom are still in office, have refused to certify preliminary results or have tried to conduct unreliable manual counts instead of automated counts.

While some attempted to file mass registration appeals before the midterms, the effort failed thanks to the state’s clear legal protections that require appeals to be filed within a narrow time frame and based on personal knowledge.

Heading into 2024, Nevada’s biggest challenge will be the exodus of election officials in the state, which has lost more than half of its top election officials and many election workers since 2020, in part due to an extremely high level of harassment and threats from election deniers.

It is noteworthy that the 2024 presidential elections in the United States will be the 60th presidential elections that take place every 4 years, and are scheduled to be held on Tuesday, November 5, 2024.

It will also be the first presidential election after the redistribution of electoral votes according to the census redistribution of the population statement after 2020.